A magnet is moved through a coil of wire connected to a galvanometer, which measures the induced current. As the magnet moves through the coil, the changing magnetic field induces an electromotive force (EMF) in the coil, which in turn causes a current to flow through the wire. The direction and magnitude of the induced current are dependent on the motion of the magnet. When the magnet is moved quickly, the galvanometer needle deflects more, indicating a stronger induced current. This experiment illustrates Faraday's Law of Induction, which states that a changing magnetic field within a closed loop induces an EMF proportional to the rate of change of the magnetic flux. The direction of the induced current is determined by Lenz’s Law, as the induced current opposes the change in the magnetic flux that caused it.